Sunday, August 11, 2019
The History of Pan-Africanism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
The History of Pan-Africanism - Essay Example This was one of the greatest racial discrimination of this era, where blacks were being demoralized and oppressed on various grounds. The movement of Pan-African unity was very essential for African Americans. It helped them to identify politics, because African origin was not recognizing its peopleââ¬â¢s identity (Mayihlome, 2011). This era reduced differences between various people of Africa and supported indiscriminate "African" heritage. As a philosophy, Pan-Africanism represented an ethical system which traced origins from ancient times and promoted values of African civilization. It struggles against slavery, racial discrimination, neo-colonialism and colonialism. European slave trade was another concept used in Pan-Africanism. In past era Africans were forced for slavery from various origins and their descendants were breathing in an environment, where they were being exploited because at that time African origin became a sign of servile status. There were many differences such as political, cultural etc, but this concept of slavery was affecting people negatively. 1.2 Past scenario Africans were being treated as slaves in America, South America, and Caribbean. At this time migration of Africa (born out of the Berlin Conference of 1884 & 85) had begun. At first there was a movement of anti-slavery and anti-colonial amongst black people of Africa and the Diaspora, in the late nineteenth century. Pan-Africanism developed in these decades. Pan-Africanism had provided shelter and created unity, independence, political and economic assistance and created chronological and cultural awareness among people (Young, 2010). The ideology of pan-Africanismà was based onà self-respectà andà so-calledà Africa for the Africans. Its alternativeà focus was onà ethnicà gathering. It changed colonial procedures without any political power. It highlighted all theà troublesà that African peope faced in this era and aided in the foundation of nationalism (Hakim, 2007). The entire past scenario of this movement and its value is described in the following points: ROOTS Pan-Africanism comprises of rich history, which dates back to eighteenth century. It originated from the New World rather than from Africa itself. People were bound by slavery in America and the Caribbean People of Africa were looking for their ancestral homeland, with missing sense of dignity and freedom. Pan-Africanism also represented those people who were born in captivity. Prince Hall, a black clericà withinà Boston, campaigned with the assistance of 1787 people in order to replace the disputes ofà black inà Africa. Another black Bostonian, Quaker shipbuilder Paul Cuffe, took matters into his own handsà and with 1815 people founded aà villageà withinà Sierra Leone, which British considered as a refuge for freed and led to runaway of slaves, around 1787 people.à This movement was later termed as negritude, which stood to represent blackness (Fors ter, 1994). Past glory The effect of repatriationà was arguable in America in nineteenth century and many people participated in it such as Frederick Douglass,à contestedà that black Americans should be given their rights. The efforts of American Colonization Society (largely white liberals) resultedà with another slave refuge: Liberia. Former slaves were replacedà towards Africa from Caribbean and Brazil. Later, in 1930's, the ideology of negritude ("blackness"), increased among French-speaking Africanà scholarsà in France. Those Africans who kept protecting negritude contended that characteristics of the
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